This section of surgeryinfo.org deals with surgeries of the head and neck. The neck in particular contains a number of vital structures including the carotid arteries, the trachea (the windpipe), and the thyroid gland. Surgery on the head and neck is performed by neurosurgeons, ear, nose and throat surgeons (otolaryngologist), vascular surgeons, thoracic surgeons, and general surgeons depending on the organ involved.